toluene exposure limits

EH40/2005 Workplace exposure limits 10 Substance CAS Workplace exposure limit Comments number Long-term exposure Short-term exposure limit (8-hour TWA limit (15-minute reference period) reference period) ppm mg.m-3 ppm mg.m-3 Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 20 37 50 92 R12, 36/37, 40 Acetic anhydride 108-24-7 0.5 2.5 2 10 R10, 20/22, 34 1.3 Production and use Toluene is both a constituent of crude oil and a component of the condensate from 3.1.3. The ACGIH has an exposure limit for toluene of 100 ppm as an 8-hour TWA and 150 ppm as a 15-minute STEL; NIOSH recommends a 100-ppm 8-hour TWA and a 10-minute ceiling of 200 ppm. The VEP measurement in rats was nearly as sensitive as the CRT task in humans. 150 200 250 300 Benzene Toluene O-Xylene Ethyl Benzene 0 50 100 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 Figure 1. While the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has set limits for worker exposure to toluene, and the California Division of Occupational Safety and Health has set even stricter limits [1], it is reasonable to assume that nail salon workers are exposed to unacceptably high levels of the chemical. Long-term exposure: 0.6 parts per million (2.3 mg/m³) based on a 24-hour average. Test Results. [27] . Prevent build-up of â¦ Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is suggested. Provide â¦ The mean toluene exposure was 9.5 parts per million, (SD = 10.4, Median 4.9 (Min, Max: 0.5, 48.7)). OEHHA is required to develop guidelines for conducting health risk assessments under the Air Toxics Hot Spots Program (Health and Safety Code Section 44360(b)(2)). ACGIH noted that toluene was not assigned a "skin" notation based on study evidence showing slow absorption. Toluene levels of 3.75â15 mg/m 3 (1â4 ppm) and 0.98 mg/m 3 (0.26 ppm) Toluene Exposure Limits. Occupational exposure limits, if available, are listed in section 8 Substance Name: CAS # % By Weight Toluene 108-88-3 >97 Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 <2 Benzene 71-43-2 0.2 4. ACGIH noted that toluene was not assigned a âskinâ notation based on study evidence showing slow absorption. PREVIOUS OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS FOR TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE . In Canada, occupational exposure limits are regulated within each Province. Toluene will enter the body if we breathe in contaminated air, breathe in tobacco smoke, or consume food or water that contains toluene. for the hazard and dose-response assessment in IRIS pertaining to chronic exposure to toluene. âWe found that the average amount of toluene per exposure period was approximately 0.6 milligrams; Californiaâs limit is 13 milligrams. OELs. adverse health effects from exposure to toluene through drinking water, the EPA Drinking Water Regulations and Health Advisories (EPA 2012) lists the maximum contaminant level (MCL) and the maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG) for toluene as 1 mg/L. 293 of 18 September. Toluene (CAS 108-88-3) Denmark. Further information Droplets of theproduct aspirated into lungs through ingestion or vomitingmay cause a serious chemical pneumonia. Toluene diisocyanate, or TDI, is used extensively in several industrial processes to produce polyurethane foams, adhesives, surface coatings, and elastomers. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Components Type Value Toluene (108-88-3) TWA 20 ppm US. Local exhaust ventilation is generally preferred because it can control the emissions of the contaminant at its source, preventing dispersion of it into the general work area. Related Pages. There is a considerable margin of safety [in avoiding overexposure],â asserts Gettings. Synonyms: toluene, methylbenzene, toluol, phenylmethane, Methacide, Antisal 1a, CP 25. Exposure Limits: Chemical Name: ACGIH NIOSH OSHA Toluene 20 ppm TWA 100 ppm TWA 375 mg/m3 TWA 500 ppm IDLH 200 ppm TWA 300 ppm Ceiling OSHA Vacated PELs: Toluene: 100 ppm TWA; 375 mg/m3 TWA. Workplace exposure standards. exposure situation has been viewed in comparison to: a) consumer exposure as characterized in the EU report on toluene (for two scenarios [U1 and U3A], for which there are at present no restrictions), and b) occupational exposure limits (OEL) set for continuous 8 hour exposures where risks from levels of 25 to 50 ppm are considered as acceptable. Conversion. Published 2018. Short-term exposure to toluene can cause headaches, dizziness and loss of coordination or hearing. exposure, and to provide guidance to assist with medical diagnosis and management. A person who breathes in great amounts of toluene can suffer a loss of hearing, tremors and memory loss, among other symptoms. Toluene is also used to produce benzene and as a solvent in paints, coatings, synthetic fragrances, adhesives, inks, and cleaning agents. EXPOSURE GUIDELINES: OSHA Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs): Reagent CAS# OSHA PEL TWA Note Toluene 108-88-3 200 ppm 8 hour(s) Absorbed through skin ACGIH Threshold Limit values (TLVs): Reagent CAS# ACGIH PEL TWA Note Toluene 108-88-3 20 ppm (75 mg/m3) Absorbed through skin SECTION 8 NOTES: Work Exposure Limits, Third edition. The OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for toluene (OSHA, 2006c) is 200 ppm on a TWA basis. The averages over 8- and 24-hour sampling times are recommended as appropriate indicators of short- and long-term exposure levels, respectively. Typical exposure limits and Sentinel PRO detection limits for BTEX. to toluene and for brief exposure peaks a short-term exposure limit (STEL) of 50 ml/m3 (191 mg/m3) measured over 15 minutes. Threshold Limit Value â Short-term exposure (TLV-STEL): A 15-minute time weighted average exposure that should not be exceeded at any time during a workday, even if the overall 8-hour TLV-TWA is below the TLV-TWA. The OSHA PEL for toluene is 200 ppm on an eight-hour time-weighted basis; the NIOSH exposure limit for toluene is 100 ppm, and the ACGIH exposure limit for toluene is 20 ppm. Toluene is also flammable, and its vapors can be ignited by flames, sparks or other ignition â¦ It is also an irritant to eyes and noses. Species. PEL: 200 ppm as TWA (OSHA Z-2) Appropriate Engineering Controls Fish . Formula: C 7 H 8 | CAS: 108-88-3. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Respiratory Protection Toluene should be handled inside the fume hood. Exposure to toluene may occur from breathing ambient or indoor air affected by such sources. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Material Type Value Toluene (108-88-3) STEL 2.5 ppm TWA 0.5 ppm US. Toluene has a pungent odour with an odour threshold in air of 0.64 to 139 mg/m3. IRE - 2018 Code of Practice for the Chemical Agents Regulations, Schedule 1. Toluene is added to gasoline, used to produce benzene, and used as a solvent. MOS values for both inhalation and dermal exposure resulting from these scenarios (section 4.1.3.3; p.249f). Material Safety Data Sheet Toluene, ACS - 4 - Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Do not wear contact lenses when working with chemicals. Mexico also adopts the ACGIH exposure limits. Value Toluene (CAS 108-88-3) TLV 94 mg/m3 . Relating human CRT to performance of other tasks in rats was defended on biological grounds by noting that toluene (in similar concentration ranges) has been â¦ 77, No. Although this guidance reflects the current scientific knowledge and experience of medical researchers, industrial (Para-Toluene Sulfonic Acid) DATE PREPARED: 6/23/2014 REVISION NUMBER: 6/23/2014 Page 3 of 6 Section 8 â Exposure Controls & Personal Protection Airborne Exposure Limits: None established. Law of Negligence. Control parameters Occupational exposure limits Long-term exposure limit (8-hour TWA): WEL 50 ppm 191 mg/m³ Short-term exposure limit (15-minute): WEL 100 ppm 384 mg/m³ Sk WEL = Workplace Exposure Limit This latest version of EH40/2005 'Workplace exposure limits' has been updated to include the new and revised workplace exposure limits (WELs) as introduced by the Carcinogens and Mutagens Directive (EU) 2017/2398 amending Directive (2004/37/EC). Benzene concentrations exceeded the occupational exposure limit set by the Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education. exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced. What is the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH®) recommended exposure limit for toluene? These OELs or short-term exposure limits vary from â¦ Vapours may travel across the ground and reach 1975 Long-term effects on the health of men engaged in the manufacture of tolylene diisocyanate (TDI). The central nervous system (CNS) is the primary target organ for toluene toxicity in both humans and animals for acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) exposures. the permissible exposure limits. How you can protect yourself, and what to do if you are exposed to benzene . Relationship between environmental exposure to toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene and the expired breath concentrations for gasoline service workers. 1 â¦ National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health >. 1294 130. This assessment as well as the occupational exposure limits in force in various countries (Tab. The dose and exposure of toluene was either 107 ppm (0.0107%) of continuous exposure for 90 days or 1085 ppm (0.1085%) which was administered daily for eight hours per day, five days per week for a six-week period. Inhalation is the relevant route of human exposure for TDI and the toxicokinetics of TDI exposure at occupational exposure limits have been studied. Product name or GHS product identifier 1.1.1. WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE New or revised workplace exposure limits for 13 substances have been introduced from 17 January 2020. The term is considered by many safety professionals to be the same as the lower explosive level (LEL). Significant exposure to toluene during pregnancy may affect the babyâs development. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. The Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) recently released a new webpage outlining safety precautions of toluene exposure. Lower flammability limit (LFL): The lowest concentration (percentage) of a gas or a vapor in air capable of producing a flash of fire in the presence of an ignition source (arc, flame, heat). In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Uses The major use of toluene is as a mixture added to gasoline to improve octane ratings. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Components Type Value Toluene (108-88-3) TWA 20 ppm US. Exposure Limits. exposure to toluene can cause skin irritation and blistering. Toluene: health effects, incident management and toxicology. Revision: 002 Toluene Date: June 2015 Page: 7/16 8.EXP OSURE CN TROL/PE AL P E ION 8.1 Occupational exposure limits US. It can also cause skin rash. U.S. EPA then includes these sites the National Priorities List (NPL) and targets it for federal clean-up activities. (2012) were subsequently combined with conservative (health protective) exposure factors (e.g., inhalation rate, contact area, exposure duration and frequency) to determine upper-bound dermal and inhalation exposure values (for non-cancer endpoints) and the LADD (for the cancer endpoint) associated with sleeping on a flexible PU foam â¦ Greater exposure caused by repeated instances of contact with the chemical presents a more serious health risk that can lead to death. Section 8 - Exposure Controls, Personal Protection Chemical Name ACGIH NIOSH OSHA - Final PELs OSHA - Vacated Pels Toluene 50 ppm TWA 100 ppm TWA 200 ppm TWA 100 ppm TWA 375 mg/m3 TWA C 300 ppm 375 mg/m3 TWA 500 ppm IDLH 150 ppm STEL 560 mg/m3 STEL exposure situation has been viewed in comparison to: a) consumer exposure as characterized in the EU report on toluene (for two scenarios [U1 and U3A], for which there are at present no restrictions), and b) occupational exposure limits (OEL) set for continuous 8 hour exposures where risks from levels of 25 to 50 ppm are considered as acceptable. 1. Revision: 001 Toluene Date: July 2014 Page: 7/16 8.1 Occupational exposure limits US. According to OSHA, it also has a sharp and sweet smell, which is a sign of exposure. Ontario OELs. The recommended short- and long-term maximum exposure limits for toluene are presented in the table below, along with the critical health effects on which they were based. Vapours are heavier than air. Estonia. At around 700 ppm for up to 1 hour, headache, dizziness and nausea occur. 1.3.1 Occupational exposure According to the 1981â83 National Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES, 1997), as many as 2 million workers in the United States were potentially exposed to toluene (see General Remarks). WASHINGTON (August 1, 2018) â A new review article from Gradient, an environmental risk Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents and Biological Exposure Indices. Value Toluene (CAS 108-88-3) Finland. Short-term exposure to high levels of toluene results first in light-headedness and euphoria, followed by dizziness, sleepiness, unconsciousness, and in some cases death. TOLUENE . Exposure at 300 ppm affected the sense of balance, caused visual disturbances and slowed reaction-times and some effects were seen at 200 ppm; but exposure to 160 ppm over 4 hours caused no significant adverse health effects. Toluene (C 7 H 6), also known as methylbenzene, is a colourless liquid, with a strong, solvent-like smell. The permissible limit is 200 ppm on average of 8 hours. Long-term exposures at low levels have caused effects to the kidneys. Breathing toluene for a lifetime at 1,400 ppbv is very unlikely to be harmful to people. ... Toluene 108-88-3 Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Mutagenic Effects Not mutagenic in AMES Test Reproductive Effects Experiments have shown reproductive toxicity effects on laboratory animals. TEST FOR EXPOSURE AND MEDICAL EFFECTS LEGAL EXPOSURE LIMITS REDUCING YOUR EXPOSURE RESOURCES Health Hazard Summary: Toluene mainly affects the central nervous system (the brain), causing headache, nausea, dizziness, clumsiness, drowsiness, and other effects like those of drunkenness. National Workplace OELs (Workplace Exposure Standards for Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is a member of the diisocyanate family associated with polyurethane chemistry. Current standards for a permissible exposure limit for toluene at 100 ppm. DOT ID & Guide. Toluene occurs naturally in crude oil and in the tolu tree. Information on toluene, for use in responding to chemical incidents. Composite mass spectrum of benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and o-xylenes (NIST). Thus, acute high-level toluene exposure inhibited hippocampal neurogenesis and produced transient abnormal neurological signs, but did not produce toxicity in the other organs studied. 8. Toluol is a common contaminant produced by oxidized or burning carpets. Case Assessment Advice Skin contact is a possible route of exposure, also from working with the product or misusing consumer products containing TDI. PDF â¦ Introduction. The general population is exposed to toluene mainly through inhalation of vapour in ambient air or from cigarette smoke. SECTION 8: Exposure Controls/personal protection 8.1. The animals exposed to toluene showed significantly decreased hippocampal neurogenesis, which persisted until the 8th and final day of measurement. There is a considerable margin of safety [in avoiding overexposure],â asserts Gettings. occur several hours after exposure. It is also produced in the process of making gasoline and other fuels from crude oil and making coke from coal.Toluene is used in making paints, paint thinners, fingernail polish, lacquers, adhesives, and rubber and in some printing and leather tanning processes. This Public Health Statement summarizes the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registryâs (ATSDR) findings on toluene, including chemical characteristics, exposure risks, possible health effects from exposure, and ways to limit exposure. Apart from risks associated with occupational exposure, toluene poses special hazards to glue-sniffers, who intentionally abuse solvent mixtures containing this chemical. Components. They are OSHA-recommended occupational exposure limits issued by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Exposure Limits-OELs) indicated above.Use under a chemical fume hood.Use explosion-proof equipment. These recommendations were based on the effects of toluene in the reproductive and nervous systems. Occupational exposure limit values (OELs) are set to prevent occupational diseases or other adverse effects in workers exposed to hazardous chemicals in the workplace.OELs assume that exposed persons are healthy adult workers, although in some cases the OELs should also protect vulnerable groups â e.g. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Material Type Value Toluene (108-88-3) STEL 2.5 ppm TWA 0.5 ppm US. Formula. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) identifies the most serious hazardous waste sites in the nation. Toluene detection. The current restriction for toluene in REACH Regulation (Annex XVII, entry 48, 0.1 % conc. types. Learn more about exposure limits here. From: Public Health England. Air-borne exposure to toluene vapor represents a significant concern to both industrial workers and consumers. OSHA Table Z-2 (29 CFR 1910.1000) Material Type Value The change in national legislation for the biomonitoring of exposure to toluene can provide more accurate information about the real levels of workersâ exposure to toluene because the internal dose can be determined with greater specificity. The adopted RELs cover different types of exposure to toluene in air: infrequent 1-hour exposures, repeated 8-hour exposures, and continuous long-term exposures. WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE * Where possible, enclose operations and â¦ Under the authority of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) P.L. Toluene is on the Proposition 65 list because it can cause birth defects or other reproductive harm . pregnant women or other more susceptible people. TOLUENE Specific end use(s) The identified uses for this product are detailed in Section 1.2. An employee's exposure to any substance listed in Tables Z-1, Z-2, or Z-3 of this section shall be limited in accordance with the requirements of the following paragraphs of this section. ACGIH: The recommended airborne exposure limit is 0.005 ppm averaged over an 8-hour workshift and 0.02 ppm as a STEL (short-term exposure limit). WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS No occupational exposure limits have been established for p-Toluene Sulfonic Acid. Substitution at the benzene nucleus occurs by halogenation (acid catalyst), â¦ FIRST AID MEASURES EYE CONTACT: Check for and remove any contact lenses. It can also be absorbed through the skin, if liquid toluene is in contact with the skin. TWA 200 mg/m3 . Association of American Railroads, Washington ACGIH. 12. Exposure Summary; Environmental Fate; Non-Human Toxicity Values ; Soil Adsorption / Mobility; Volatilization; Vinyl Toluene CAS RN: 25013-15-4 NIOSH Recommendations. NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Pittsburgh, February 2, 2016 â The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH ®) has adopted new time-weighted average (TWA) and short-term exposure limit (STEL) Threshold Limit Values (TLVs ®) for Toluene-2,4 or 2,6-diisocyanate or as a mixture (TDI).These adopted values lower the 8-hour TWA from 5 parts per billion (ppb) to 1 ppb and the 15-min STEL â¦ The symptoms of asthma often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed and they are aggravated by physical effort. It is not intended to be a comprehensive treatise on the chemical or toxicological nature of toluene. Exposure Limit Values Ceiling 500 mg/m3 . ACGIH did not find an adequate basis for development of a short- term exposure limit (STEL) or to indicate that toluene is a sensitizing agent. Published. A venous blood sample taken within a day after exposure can be used to confirm toluene exposure (normal for unexposed populations is 0.1 milligrams/deciliter [mg/dL]); however, the toluene level obtained will not correlate well to the degree of exposure or to symptoms. Occupational exposures to toluene may occur in painting, varnishing, Setting acceptable exposure limits for toluene diisocyanate on the basis of different airway effects observed in animals findings on toluene, tells you about them, the effects of exposure, and describes what you can do to limit that exposure. National Workplace OELs (Workplace Exposure Standards for Airborne Contaminants, Appendix A) TWA : Time Weighted Average (TWA): 50 ppm 191 mg/m3 12 2011 AU NOEL: Australia. Components. 25 ppm. 3 Effective date : 01.31.2015 Page 5 of 8 Toluene, Reagent Grade Created by Global Safety Management, Inc. -Tel: 1-813-435-5161 - www.gsmsds.com Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying â¦ Critical review finds there was no scientific justification to support ACGIHâs decision to lower the TLVs for TDI. Safety Data Sheet according to 29CFR1910/1200 and GHS Rev. This Public Health Statement summarizes the Division of Toxicology and Human Health Science's findings on toluene, tells you about them, the effects of exposure, and describes what you can do to limit that exposure. 6 Toluene 1 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels. In occupational settings, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set a legal toluene exposure limit for workers of 200 parts per million (ppm) averaged over an 8-hour workday. Endnotes and Abbreviations. Lifetime weighted toluene exposure in ambient air Toluene Toluene [tol-yoo-een], also known as âMethyl Benzeneâ, âPhenyl Methaneâ or âToluolâ â¦ âThe 13 milligrams [amount] has a safety factor of 1,000 times built into it. Human exposure occurs mainly by breathing air containing toluene. In Section 6, Major Conclusions in the Characterization of Hazard and Dose Response,